摘要
急性胰腺炎(AP)是胰腺组织的急性化学性炎症,以自身消化所致的胰腺水肿、出血及坏死等损伤为特点,是临床上较常见的消化系统疾病。研究发现AP均伴有心血管系统损伤,损伤程度与AP的严重程度呈正相关。AP诱发心血管系统损伤目前以对症支持治疗为主,控制AP本身是疾病治疗的重点。笔者就AP诱发心血管损伤的临床表现及相关机制的研究进展进行阐述,以期为及时预防AP诱发心血管系统损伤以及降低AP病死率提供新的思路。
Chinese Journal of General Surgery, 2021, 30(9):1102-1107.
急性胰腺炎(acute pancreatitis,AP)的发生有多种病因,如胆道疾病、酒精、手术创伤、药物等,其中胆石症和胆道感染是我国AP的主要病
已有研
AP患者的胰腺会产生大量蛋白水解酶,从而产生大量的心肌抑制因子(myocardial inhibitory factor,MDF)。MDF常见于败血症、出血、急性休克、重度烧伤及AP患者的血清中,其主要作用是降低心肌收缩力,此外也可以收缩内脏血管并损害网状内皮细胞。目前MDF的作用机制还是不很明确,Lefer
炎症因子可以激活凝血系统,因此AP患者凝血功能通常会发生明显变化,导致内脏血栓形成,合并心肌梗死、肺栓塞
心电图的波形是分析心脏电生理活动最常用的依据。对于胸痛患者,心电图的波形是排除急性冠脉综合征尤其是心肌梗死最重要的依据之一。目前针对AP导致的心血管损伤,通常都是结合心电图和超声心动图的改变来评估。据统计,有55%的AP确诊患者合并有心电图的改
AP常并发多系统多器官的损伤,心血管损伤是AP最危险的并发症之一,目前AP导致的心血管损伤机制并不完全明确,现阶段的研究多局限于临床研究及动物研究,其中的病理生理以及机制都有待进一步的探讨。AP并发心血管损伤是研究热点之一,研究成果有助于帮助及时诊断和处理AP并发心脏损伤,降低AP并发心血管损伤的病死率。
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